Analisis Persepsi Anak Panti dalam Menyikapi Perilaku Bullying di Panti Asuhan Aisyiyah Putra Gantiang Bukittinggi

Abstract

Bullying is a serious problem in orphanages that causes emotional trauma to orphans, especially in the Aisyiyah Putra Gantiang Bukittinggi Orphanage, which houses boys aged 7-18 from underprivileged families. Despite implementing moderate Islamic moral education based on Muhammadiyah, observations show cases of transmission between residents due to differences in regional origin or academic achievement, contrary to the mission of building noble character and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of orphans towards bullying as a basis for contextual prevention strategies. The study used a qualitative phenomenological approach with an interpretative paradigm, purposive sampling of children aged 10-18, as well as in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and Miles-Huberman-Saldana iterative analysis through source triangulation for validity. The results show multidimensional perceptions: understanding bullying as an emotional verbal attack such as a "kick in the heart" that attacks identity, vigilant attention to power patterns in limited spaces, and a hybrid attitude of passive defensiveness (avoidance) and religious-based proactiveness (mutual assistance). Internal conflict arises between the norm of patience and the urge to resist, perpetuating the cycle of bullying due to underreporting. Bullying merupakan masalah serius di panti asuhan yang menimbulkan trauma emosional pada anak yatim, terutama di lingkungan Panti Asuhan Aisyiyah Putra Gantiang Bukittinggi yang menampung anak laki-laki usia 7-18 tahun dari keluarga tidak mampu. Meskipun menerapkan pendidikan akhlak Islam moderat Muhammadiyah, observasi menunjukkan kasus penularan antar penghuni akibat perbedaan asal daerah atau prestasi belajar, bertentangan dengan misi pembentukan karakter mulia dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis persepsi anak panti terhadap bullying untuk dasar strategi pencegahan kontekstual. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi dengan paradigma interpretatif, purposive sampling pada anak usia 10-18 tahun, serta teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis iteratif Miles-Huberman-Saldana melalui triangulasi sumber untuk validitas. Hasil menunjukkan persepsi multidimensi: pemahaman bullying sebagai serangan verbal emosional seperti “tendangan hati” yang menyerang identitas, perhatian waspada terhadap pola kekuasaan dalam ruang terbatas, serta sikap hibrida defensif pasif (penghindaran) dan proaktif berbasis agama (tolong-menolong). Konflik internal muncul antara norma kesabaran dan dorongan melawan, memperpanjang siklus intimidasi akibat rendahnya pelaporan.